NginX ist ein sehr leichtgewichtige aber extrem skalierbarer und robuster Webserver, [[proxy|Proxy]] und Load Balancer.

<code>
// No foreground console
nginx -g "daemon off;"

// test config
nginx -t

// reload config
nginx -s reload

// shutdown
nginx -s quit
</code>

=====HTTP=====

<code>
worker_processes  1;
error_log  logs/error.log info;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    server {
        listen      80;		
        location / {
            root html;
            rewrite ^/test$ test.php permanent;
        } 
        
        # need to start php
        # php-cgi.exe -b 127.0.0.1:9999
        location ~ \.php$ {
		fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9999;
		fastcgi_index index.php;
		fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
		include fastcgi_params;
        }
    }
}
</code>

=====Proxy=====

<code>
server {
        server_name subdomain1.example.com;
        location / {
            proxy_pass       http://hostname1:port1;
        }
}
server {
        server_name subdomain2.example.com;
        location / {
            proxy_pass       http://hostname2:port2;
        }
}
</code>

=====SSL proxy=====

<code>
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name example.com;

    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/example.com.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/example.com.key;

    # SSL-Protokolle und Cipher-Suiten konfigurieren (optional)
    ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_ciphers 'EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH';

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://nextcloud-container:8080;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    }
}
</code>
=====Loadbalancer=====

Siehe [[https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/loadbalanceexample/|NGINX Wiki - Simple Loadbalancer]] mit dem [[http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_upstream_module.html|Upstream modul]].

Entweder in der Datei <code>/etc/nginx/sites-available/default</code> oder einer eigenen Configdatei folgende Objekte nach dem http Objekt einfügen.

<code>
log_format upstreamlog '$remote_addr - $server_name - $upstream_addr [$request] upstream_response_time $upstream_response_time msec $msec request_tim $request_time';

upstream myproject {
  server 127.0.0.1:8000 weight=3;
  server 127.0.0.1:8001;
  server 127.0.0.1:8002;    
  server 127.0.0.1:8003;
}

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name www.domain.com;
  access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log upstreamlog;
  location / {
    proxy_pass http://myproject;
  }
}
</code>

=====RTMP=====

Für Windows [[https://github.com/zarat/nginx-rtmp-win32|zarat/nginx-rtmp-win32]]

<code>
worker_processes  1;

error_log  logs/error.log info;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

rtmp {
    server {
        listen 1935;

        application live {
            live on;
        }
		
        application hls {
            live on;
            hls on;  
            hls_path temp/hls;  
            hls_fragment 8s;  
        }
    }
}

http {
    server {
        listen      8080;
		
        location / {
            root html;
        }
		
        location /stat {
            rtmp_stat all;
            rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
        }

        location /stat.xsl {
            root html;
        }
		
        location /hls {  
            #server hls fragments  
            types{  
                application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;  
                video/mp2t ts;  
            }  
            alias temp/hls;  
            expires -1;  
        }  
    }
}
</code>

Um das RTMP Modul zu nutzen muss man nginx laut einigen Quellen selbst kompilieren

<code>
git clone https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module
apt-get install build-essential libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libssl-dev
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz
tar -xf nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.10.1
./configure --with-http_ssl_module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module
make -j 1
make install
</code>

Anscheinend stimmt das aber nicht ganz ich habe mit apt die entsprechende lib installiert und es funktioniert genauso.

<code>
apt install libnginx-mod-rtmp
</code>

<code>
rtmp {
	server {
		listen 1935;
		chunk_size 8192;

		application stream {
			live on;
			meta copy;
			push rtmp://live.twitch.tv/app/live_XYZ_ZXY;
                        on_play http://localhost/ping.php; # parameters app and name are passed by default 
		}
	}
}
</code>

<code>
ffmpeg -re -i https://dwamdstream106.akamaized.net/hls/live/2017965/master.m3u8 -c:v libx264 -preset veryfast -maxrate 3000k -bufsize 6000k -pix_fmt yuv420p -g 50 -c:a aac -b:a 160k -ac 2 -ar 44100 -f flv rtmp://localhost/live
</code>

<code>
rtmp {

    server {

        listen 1935;

        chunk_size 4000;

        # TV mode: one publisher, many subscribers
        application mytv {

            # enable live streaming
            live on;

            # record first 1K of stream
            record all;
            record_path /tmp/av;
            record_max_size 1K;

            # append current timestamp to each flv
            record_unique on;

            # publish only from localhost
            allow publish 127.0.0.1;
            deny publish all;

            #allow play all;
        }

        # Transcoding (ffmpeg needed)
        application big {
            live on;

            # On every pusblished stream run this command (ffmpeg)
            # with substitutions: $app/${app}, $name/${name} for application & stream name.
            #
            # This ffmpeg call receives stream from this application &
            # reduces the resolution down to 32x32. The stream is the published to
            # 'small' application (see below) under the same name.
            #
            # ffmpeg can do anything with the stream like video/audio
            # transcoding, resizing, altering container/codec params etc
            #
            # Multiple exec lines can be specified.

            exec ffmpeg -re -i rtmp://localhost:1935/$app/$name -vcodec flv -acodec copy -s 32x32
                        -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/small/${name};
        }

        application small {
            live on;
            # Video with reduced resolution comes here from ffmpeg
        }

        application webcam {
            live on;

            # Stream from local webcam
            exec_static ffmpeg -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 -c:v libx264 -an
                               -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/webcam/mystream;
        }

        application mypush {
            live on;

            # Every stream published here
            # is automatically pushed to
            # these two machines
            push rtmp1.example.com;
            push rtmp2.example.com:1934;
        }

        application mypull {
            live on;

            # Pull all streams from remote machine
            # and play locally
            pull rtmp://rtmp3.example.com pageUrl=www.example.com/index.html;
        }

        application mystaticpull {
            live on;

            # Static pull is started at nginx start
            pull rtmp://rtmp4.example.com pageUrl=www.example.com/index.html name=mystream static;
        }

        # video on demand
        application vod {
            play /var/flvs;
        }

        application vod2 {
            play /var/mp4s;
        }

        # Many publishers, many subscribers
        # no checks, no recording
        application videochat {

            live on;

            # The following notifications receive all
            # the session variables as well as
            # particular call arguments in HTTP POST
            # request

            # Make HTTP request & use HTTP retcode
            # to decide whether to allow publishing
            # from this connection or not
            on_publish http://localhost:8080/publish;

            # Same with playing
            on_play http://localhost:8080/play;

            # Publish/play end (repeats on disconnect)
            on_done http://localhost:8080/done;

            # All above mentioned notifications receive
            # standard connect() arguments as well as
            # play/publish ones. If any arguments are sent
            # with GET-style syntax to play & publish
            # these are also included.
            # Example URL:
            #   rtmp://localhost/myapp/mystream?a=b&c=d

            # record 10 video keyframes (no audio) every 2 minutes
            record keyframes;
            record_path /tmp/vc;
            record_max_frames 10;
            record_interval 2m;

            # Async notify about an flv recorded
            on_record_done http://localhost:8080/record_done;

        }


        # HLS

        # For HLS to work please create a directory in tmpfs (/tmp/hls here)
        # for the fragments. The directory contents is served via HTTP (see
        # http{} section in config)
        #
        # Incoming stream must be in H264/AAC. For iPhones use baseline H264
        # profile (see ffmpeg example).
        # This example creates RTMP stream from movie ready for HLS:
        #
        # ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -re -i movie.avi  -vcodec libx264
        #    -vprofile baseline -acodec libmp3lame -ar 44100 -ac 1
        #    -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/hls/movie
        #
        # If you need to transcode live stream use 'exec' feature.
        #
        application hls {
            live on;
            hls on;
            hls_path /tmp/hls;
        }

        # MPEG-DASH is similar to HLS

        application dash {
            live on;
            dash on;
            dash_path /tmp/dash;
        }
    }
}

# HTTP can be used for accessing RTMP stats
http {

    server {

        listen      8080;

        # This URL provides RTMP statistics in XML
        location /stat {
            rtmp_stat all;

            # Use this stylesheet to view XML as web page
            # in browser
            rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
        }

        location /stat.xsl {
            # XML stylesheet to view RTMP stats.
            # Copy stat.xsl wherever you want
            # and put the full directory path here
            root /path/to/stat.xsl/;
        }

        location /hls {
            # Serve HLS fragments
            types {
                application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
                video/mp2t ts;
            }
            root /tmp;
            add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
        }

        location /dash {
            # Serve DASH fragments
            root /tmp;
            add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
        }
    }
}
</code>

=====Links=====

    * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7VAI73roXaY|NGINX Crash Course]]